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Studies of hormonal influences on aggression indicate that


A) hormonal influences are as strong in humans as they are in lower animals.
B) after age 25,testosterone and rates of violent crime decrease together.
C) variations in testosterone seem to have no effect on behavior within the normal range of teen boys and adult men.
D) higher rates of testosterone are associated with less aggressiveness in males.

E) None of the above
F) A) and D)

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Review the research on aggression cues and violence.

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Research on aggression cues and violence...

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Most terrorism is considered _______ aggression.


A) manipulative
B) duplicitous
C) hostile
D) instrumental

E) B) and C)
F) A) and D)

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Explain Berkowitz's revised frustration-aggression theory.

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Berkowitz's revised frustration-aggressi...

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In relation to aggression,the most studied environmental irritant is


A) pain.
B) cigarette smoke.
C) air pollution.
D) heat.

E) A) and B)
F) A) and C)

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In a revision of the frustration-aggression theory,Berkowitz emphasized the importance of


A) anger,an emotional readiness to aggress.
B) the role of biochemical influences,such as alcohol.
C) relative deprivation and the adaptation level phenomenon.
D) catharsis as a reducer of frustration.

E) None of the above
F) A) and B)

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invited angered participants to hit a punching bag while either ruminating about the person who angered them or thinking about becoming physically fit.A third group of participants did not hit the punching bag.When given a chance to administer loud blasts of noise to the person who angered them,people in _______ condition(s) felt angrier and were more aggressive.


A) the non-punching bag
B) the punching bag plus fitness thoughts
C) the punching bag plus rumination
D) none of these

E) B) and D)
F) None of the above

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After arguing with her boyfriend over the telephone,Roberta smashes down the receiver and then throws the phone across the room.This behavior most clearly demonstrates


A) the weapons effect.
B) displacement.
C) instrumental aggression.
D) Parkinson's second law.

E) A) and C)
F) None of the above

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According to Myers,in 2003 American and British leaders justified attacking Iraq not as a hostile effort to kill Iraqis,but as an instrumental act of liberation and of self-defense against presumed weapons of mass destruction.Social psychologists would consider this an example of _______ aggression.


A) manipulative
B) duplicitous
C) hostile
D) instrumental

E) A) and B)
F) A) and C)

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Displaced aggression is most likely to occur when the target _______ to the instigator.


A) shares no similarity
B) shares some similarity
C) is somehow related
D) is unrelated

E) B) and C)
F) A) and D)

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It was raining out and Jessie's car had a flat tire.After she managed to fix it,she arrived home late only to find someone had parked in her assigned parking spot.When she entered her apartment,she kicked her pet cat who was waiting at the door.Jessie's behavior is perhaps most easily explained in terms of


A) the frustration-aggression theory.
B) the adaptation-level phenomenon.
C) Murphy's law.
D) the social learning theory.

E) All of the above
F) A) and C)

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Of the following,which is the best example of instrumental aggression?


A) An angry football player tackles a quarterback after he attempts a long pass.
B) A jealous wife finds her husband with another woman and shoots them both.
C) A group of mercenaries,hired to kill the dictator of a small country,arrange to poison him.
D) A man smashes his TV set after he cannot get it to work.

E) A) and B)
F) A) and C)

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Research suggests that the sight of a weapon can


A) elicit frustration.
B) sensitize one to the dangers of violence.
C) prime aggressive thoughts.
D) produce catharsis.

E) B) and D)
F) C) and D)

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In contrast to Freud's view of aggression,Lorenz argued that aggression is


A) innate.
B) adaptive rather than self-destructive.
C) biologically influenced but not instinctive.
D) socially learned.

E) A) and B)
F) A) and C)

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Who among the following argued that there is an inborn aggressive drive?


A) Bandura
B) Berkowitz
C) Lorenz
D) Dollard

E) A) and B)
F) C) and D)

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found that intoxicated people administered stronger shocks and felt angrier when thinking about


A) their physical shortcomings.
B) their grades in college.
C) relationship conflicts.
D) their families.

E) None of the above
F) B) and C)

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Compared to the national rate,abused children are _______ times _______ likely to abuse their own children.


A) 4;less
B) 4;more
C) 10;less
D) 10;more

E) B) and C)
F) A) and B)

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now believes that _______ is the basic trigger of hostile aggression.


A) aversive stimulation
B) neural impulses
C) frustration
D) rage

E) A) and C)
F) A) and B)

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The redirection of aggression to a target other than the source of the frustration is referred to as


A) displacement.
B) substitution.
C) instrumental aggression.
D) projection.

E) A) and B)
F) All of the above

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,the frustration-aggression relationship is mediated by the role of


A) gender.
B) age.
C) anger.
D) neurotransmitters.

E) A) and B)
F) A) and C)

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