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The simplest way for a U.S. firm to do business in a foreign market is to export its products directly to that market.

A) True
B) False

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Telfonix Corporation, a U.S. firm, and Adex, Inc., a British firm, are parties to a contract with a forum-selection clause. The forum specified in the clause


A) must be within the geographic boundaries of the United States.
B) must be within the geographic boundaries of Britain.
C) need not be within the geographic boundaries of either party.
D) must be within the geographic boundaries of either the United States or Britain.

E) A) and B)
F) All of the above

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Sudan seizes the assets of Triage Medical, Inc., a U.S. firm. Triage's recovery from Sudan in a U.S. court may be prevented by


A) the act of state doctrine.
B) the doctrine of sovereign immunity.
C) the Foreign Corrupt Practices Act.
D) the principle of comity.

E) All of the above
F) C) and D)

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Qang and other foreign citizens allege human rights violations committed overseas by the government of Burma on behalf of Railway Construction Company, a U.S. firm. To seek redress for their injuries in a U.S. court, these citizens can


A) allege antitrust injuries under the Sherman Act.
B) bring civil suits under the Alien Tort Claims Act.
C) file criminal complaints under Title VII of the Civil Rights Act.
D) do nothing.

E) None of the above
F) All of the above

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Quotas are limits on the amounts of goods that can be exported.

A) True
B) False

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To obtain a contract with the Chinese government, Bammo Engineering Corporation, a U.S. firm, gives a Chinese official a sport utility vehicle. This may violate


A) the act of state doctrine.
B) the doctrine of sovereign immunity.
C) the Foreign Corrupt Practices Act.
D) the principle of comity.

E) All of the above
F) A) and C)

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C

Wytex, Inc., a U.S. firm, and Findora Commercial, a Nigerian firm, are parties to a contract that specifies that the official language of the contract is English. This is


A) a choice-of-forum clause.
B) a choice-of-language clause.
C) a choice-of-law clause.
D) an arbitration clause.

E) C) and D)
F) B) and C)

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A tariff is always a flat rate per unit.

A) True
B) False

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The United States taxes each barrel of imported oil at a flat rate. This is


A) an antidumping duty.
B) a dumping duty.
C) a quota.
D) a tariff.

E) B) and C)
F) A) and C)

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D

Dumping is the exporting of environmentally polluting goods to a foreign market.

A) True
B) False

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Savory Cooking Sauces, Inc., a U.S. business firm, makes and sells distinctively flavored cooking sauces. Although the recipes are secret, the ingredients could be revealed and the sauces could be reconstructed with diligent efforts. What can Savory do to prevent its products from being "decoded" and pirated abroad?

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One possibility is that Savory Cooking S...

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Mountain Mining Company, a U.S. firm, owns property in Bolivia. The government of Bolivia seizes the property for an illegal purpose without paying just compensation. This is


A) confiscation.
B) defalcation.
C) dumping.
D) expropriation.

E) None of the above
F) B) and D)

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Call Center Corporation, a U.S. firm, owns property in India. The government of India seizes the property for a proper public purpose and pays Call Center just compensation. This is


A) confiscation.
B) defalcation.
C) dumping.
D) expropriation.

E) A) and B)
F) A) and D)

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Optima Medico Corporation, a U.S. firm, signs a contract with Pharma Beneficial, Ltd., a Canadian firm, to give Pharma the right to sell Optima's products in Canada. This is


A) a distribution agreement.
B) a joint venture.
C) direct exporting.
D) licensing.

E) A) and B)
F) C) and D)

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Under the principle of comity, all foreign governments are subject to all U.S. laws.

A) True
B) False

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Tariffs are imposed only on exports.

A) True
B) False

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Yokio, Ltd., and Zeno, S.A., transact an international sale of goods. At the request of these parties, a court in Portugal resolves a dispute between them. A U.S. court will most likely honor the judgment


A) if it is consistent with U.S. laws and public policy.
B) if it is consistent with Portuguese laws and public policy.
C) if it does not benefit the U.S. to deny it.
D) under no circumstances.

E) B) and D)
F) A) and C)

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A U.S. citizen can bring a civil suit in a U.S. court against a U.S. entity for a tort allegedly committed overseas.

A) True
B) False

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The management of Sport Shoes Corporation, a U.S. firm, wants to expand into foreign investment and employment markets. They are considering either opening their own production facility in a foreign country or entering into a licensing agreement with a foreign firm. What are the advantages and disadvantages of each of these courses of action?

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One of the advantages of opening a wholly owned production facility, in the United States or in a foreign nation, is that all of the profits accrue to the owner. The disadvantages include the risk involved in open ing a production facility in a foreign country. There is a possibility of the foreign government's expropriation of the facility. Expropriation is the tak ing of private property for a public purpose and the paying of just com pen sation. Foreign governments have also sometimes confiscated the property of foreign companies. Confiscation is the taking of private prop erty for a public purpose without just compensation. Under the act of state doctrine, U.S. courts would be reluctant to intervene, either by ordering the property returned or ordering the payment of a fair price. Thus, there could be a considerable sum of money at risk in a foreign production facil ity. A licens ing agreement, by contrast, involves relatively little capital investment and represents less risk of loss from a confiscation or an ex propriation. By en tering into a licensing agreement with a foreign firm for the rights to manufacture Sport products, or to sell products under the Sport trade mark, Sport eliminates the chance that its assets would be lost if they were confiscated. Of course, there will also be fewer profits and those will likely be in the form of royalties.

Secure Investments, Inc., a U.S. firm, expands into international markets through a joint venture. In this situation, Secure owns


A) all of the operation, and its profits and liabilities.
B) all of the operation, and none of its profits and liabilities.
C) none of the operation, and none of its profits and liabilities.
D) part of the operation, and shares its profits and liabilities.

E) A) and B)
F) All of the above

Correct Answer

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