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A variation of off-price retailing includes


A) discount wholesalers.
B) outlet stores.
C) discount retailers.
D) supercenters.
E) hypermarkets.

F) B) and D)
G) D) and E)

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Neighborhood grocers that work together with several other independent grocers that all agree to buy their goods directly from food manufacturers is


A) a retailer-sponsored cooperative.
B) a consortium system.
C) an administrative system.
D) a conglomerate system.
E) a contractual horizontal marketing system.

F) B) and E)
G) A) and E)

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Prices in vending machines tend to be higher because


A) machines are placed in low-demand traffic areas.
B) maintenance, operating, and leasing costs are high.
C) only small unit volume items are sold.
D) customary pricing requires certain coin and currency amounts regardless of the normal retailer markup.
E) few people buy from vending machines.

F) A) and E)
G) A) and D)

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The __________ is a financial term that measures the dollars added to the cost the retailer paid for a product to arrive at the initial selling price.


A) maintained markup
B) original markup
C) return on investment
D) markup
E) markdown

F) C) and D)
G) None of the above

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A financial indicator used to compare the increase in sales of stores that have been open for the same period of time is referred to as


A) return in investment.
B) percentage of markup.
C) gross profit.
D) sales per square foot.
E) same-store sales growth.

F) A) and B)
G) B) and E)

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The degree of service provided to the customer from self-, limited-, and full-service retailers is referred to as


A) involvement.
B) level of service.
C) service commitment.
D) customer obligation.
E) degree of commitment.

F) B) and D)
G) C) and D)

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What is category management and when is it used?

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Category management is used to manage th...

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Intertype competition refers to competition between


A) very similar types of retail outlets that results from a single-product/single-line merchandising policy.
B) retailers when the types of items they sell are virtually indistinguishable from one another.
C) national and generic brands that are sold side by side in a retail outlet.
D) retailers located in separate quadrants of the retail positioning matrix.
E) very dissimilar types of retail outlets that practice scrambled merchandising.

F) A) and E)
G) A) and D)

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What is off-price retailing? Identify and give an example of the three variations of off-price retailing.

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Off-price retailing involves selling bra...

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Godiva Chocolatier invites consumers to stop by one of its stores for an unforgettable experience, including delectable chocolates, decorative gift collections, and unrivaled customer care. What type of retail service is Godiva offering?


A) full service
B) limited service
C) self-service
D) restricted service
E) functional service

F) C) and D)
G) B) and E)

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Loblaws, a Canadian supermarket, features fruits and vegetables piled high on tables that have umbrellas. The idea behind this arrangement was to give Loblaws "a market feel." In terms of the retailing mix, this tactic is related to


A) pricing.
B) goods and services factor.
C) communication.
D) merchandise.
E) location.

F) A) and C)
G) B) and E)

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Manufacturers' agent refers to agents who


A) represent a single producer and carry all products in the producer's lines.
B) work for several producers and carry noncompetitive, complementary merchandise in an exclusive territory.
C) take title to merchandise but sell only to buyers that call on them, pay cash for merchandise, and furnish their own transportation for merchandise.
D) own the merchandise they sell but do not physically handle, stock, or deliver it.
E) furnish the racks or shelves that display merchandise in retail stores, perform all channel functions, and sell on consignment to retailers.

F) A) and D)
G) A) and C)

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The 4.8 million vending machines currently operating in the United States generate more than __________ in annual sales.


A) $359 million
B) $985 million
C) $3.8 billion
D) $19.5 billion
E) $46 billion

F) C) and E)
G) C) and D)

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A __________ most likely would use truck jobbers to distribute its products.


A) clothing manufacturer
B) manufacturer of electric generators
C) leather goods importer
D) pharmaceutical company
E) meat processing plant

F) D) and E)
G) B) and D)

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Merchant wholesalers are independently owned firms that __________ the merchandise they handle.


A) take title to
B) broker
C) act as agents for
D) break bulk and repackage
E) do not deliver

F) All of the above
G) A) and C)

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Merchants such as Burlington Coat Factory sell brand-name merchandise at lower than regular prices. This means that it is using


A) an off-price retailing strategy.
B) a markdown pricing strategy.
C) an everyday fair pricing strategy.
D) an everyday low pricing strategy.
E) a maintained markdown pricing strategy.

F) B) and C)
G) A) and E)

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A unique broker that acts in many ways like a manufacturer's agent is a food broker, representing buyers and sellers in the grocery industry. Food brokers differ from conventional brokers because they act on behalf of producers on a permanent basis and


A) receive a commission for their services.
B) are paid a flat fee for each time the shelves are stocked.
C) are paid by both the buyer and seller separately depending upon the size of the order.
D) are paid a commission by the buyer and a bonus by the seller.
E) are paid a flat fee by both the buyer and seller, but receive a bonus based upon the percentage of increased sales by quarter.

F) B) and E)
G) A) and E)

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What is the value of retailing for consumers and the economy?

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Retailing is an important marketing acti...

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Consumers benefit in dealing with retail corporate chains because


A) corporate chains have more experience than other forms of retailers.
B) they can own stock in the same company where they shop since corporate chain stock must be publicly traded.
C) the latter can bargain with a manufacturer to obtain product volume discounts on orders, which can be passed on to consumers in terms of lower prices.
D) there are multiple outlets, each with its own varied merchandise and different management policies.
E) merchandise is arranged and displayed by professional designers making their shopping experience less stressful.

F) C) and D)
G) D) and E)

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McDonald's, 7-Eleven, and Subway are examples of


A) product-distribution franchises.
B) business franchise venture.
C) business-format franchises.
D) manufacturing franchises.
E) general service franchise.

F) A) and B)
G) A) and E)

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