Question 1

In a 1995 study by Fazio et al., subjects were presented with a picture of black and white faces. Either a positive or negative adjective followed the face. The task of the subject was to report whether the adjective was positive or negative. From their findings, the authors concluded that:

Accepted Answer

A)   implicit measures of racism did not match explicit measures of racism
B)   a strong positive correlation existed between implicit and explicit racism
C)   personal experience is an essential part of understanding racism
D)   none of the aboveE) All of the above
F) B) and C)

Question 2

Research indicates that we tend to perceive _____ people as possessing greater sociability and social competence than those who are not.

Accepted Answer

A)   physically attractive
B)   well-educated
C)   wealthy
D)   famousE) B) and C)
F) A) and D)

Question 3

Which theory holds that individuals infer their attitudes, emotions, and other internal states by observing their own behavior?

Accepted Answer

A)   introspection
B)   retrospection
C)   self-perception
D)   cognitive consonanceE) C) and D)
F) A) and C)

Question 4

My neighbor insists that he is not sexist at all and has a great deal of respect for women. However, he refers to his wife as "the little woman" and rarely follows her suggestions. My neighbor is demonstrating:

Accepted Answer

A)   subtle sexism
B)   explicit sexism
C)   the halo effect
D)   the WOW effectE) All of the above
F) A) and C)

Question 5

You see an individual of mixed race and you try to figure out the race of that individual's parents. Which of the following models used by those adhering to social cognition would be useful in explaining this case?

Accepted Answer

A)   networks of associations
B)   cognitive monitoring
C)   concepts
D)   representational languageE) A) and C)
F) All of the above

Question 6

In a study by Devine (1989) , subjects were primed with certain words, such as watermelon and Harlem. The primed words were related to stereotypes of blacks. When subjects subsequently read a story, subjects exposed to the prime rated the fictional character ____ more than if they were not primed.

Accepted Answer

A)   as black
B)   negatively
C)   as a minority
D)   as excessively emotionalE) A) and D)
F) A) and B)

Question 7

Which of the following is an example of implicit egotism?

Accepted Answer

A)   Michael Russell lives in the town of Saint Michael
B)   Monica Sales is a salesperson
C)   Jan Beagle does research on beagles
D)   All of the aboveE) None of the above
F) A) and D)

Question 8

Although attitude change often involves deliberate efforts at persuasion, another path to attitude change is ____, a perceived discrepancy between an attitude and a behavior or between an attitude and a new piece of information.

Accepted Answer

A)   variable schema
B)   attitudinal ambivalence
C)   cognitive dissonance
D)   attitudinal gapE) A) and C)
F) B) and C)

Question 9

Bias or error in social cognition is thought to be due to:

Accepted Answer

A)   cognition
B)   motivation
C)   both a and b
D)   neither a nor bE) None of the above
F) B) and C)

Question 10

Goals requiring groups to cooperate for the benefit of all are known as

Accepted Answer

A)   empathic goals
B)   prejudice-free goals
C)   superordinate goals
D)   equity goalsE) A) and B)
F) A) and C)

Question 11

I am going to meet my girlfriend's father for the very first time and I am hugely nervous. I clean and cut my nails. I get a haircut. I try to dress nicely but not too nicely. What am I trying to control with these efforts?

Accepted Answer

A)   first impressions
B)   initial stereotypes
C)   primary cognitions
D)   first contactE) A) and C)
F) A) and B)

Question 12

The degree to which a person likes and respects the self is called:

Accepted Answer

A)   self-perception
B)   self-esteem
C)   self-regard
D)   self-satisfactionE) B) and D)
F) B) and C)

Question 13

Which culture displays greater cognitive complexity?

Accepted Answer

A)   Chinese
B)   Western
C)   both a and b are equivalent
D)   FrenchE) A) and B)
F) A) and C)

Question 14

In a study by Steele involving SAT items, simply having a question about an individual's race in a demographic questionnaire was found to have which of the following effects on minorities?

Accepted Answer

A)   It had the same effect as telling them the test measured their intellect.
B)   It was found to be unimportant and ineffectual in affecting performance.
C)   It resulted in a decrease in performance on a mental rotation task.
D)   It yielded a substantial increase on the speed, but not accuracy, of performance on a number of tasks.E) None of the above
F) A) and B)

Question 15

Psychologists have identified several components of persuasion, among them the source, message, channel, context, and receiver. Briefly discuss each of these components.

Accepted Answer

In terms of source, speakers tend to be ...

Question 16

A pervasive bias in social cognition is the self-serving bias, the tendency of people to see:

Accepted Answer

A)   themselves in a way that allows for maximization of potential
B)   others in a less flattering light than they see themselves
C)   themselves in a more flattering light than others see them
D)   themselves in a way that allows them to rationalize otherwise unacceptable behaviorE) A) and B)
F) A) and C)

Question 17

Deliberate efforts to change an attitude are referred to as:

Accepted Answer

A)   persuasion
B)   inducement
C)   enticement
D)   exhortationE) A) and B)
F) A) and C)

Question 18

Factors that would increase the effectiveness of a message for persuasion include:

Accepted Answer

A)   a match between recipient's willingness and ability to think about the message
B)   a vivid and highly emotional fear appeal
C)   the presence of competing messages
D)   a weak message that would cause the receiver to think about the truthfulnessE) A) and B)
F) A) and C)

Question 19

Based on what happened in the Robber Cave study, Sherif concluded that in order to reduce conflict between groups it is necessary:

Accepted Answer

A)   to simply bring the two groups into contact with each other.
B)   to have an authority figure insist that they get along.
C)   for the two groups to work together in a cooperative fashion.
D)   for the two groups to discuss their grievances.E) A) and D)
F) C) and D)

Question 20

The tendency to assume that other people's behavior corresponds to their internal states rather than external situations is referred to as:

Accepted Answer

A)   correspondence bias
B)   attribution error
C)   allocentric augmentation
D)   none of the aboveE) B) and C)
F) B) and D)

Exam 16: Social Cognition

In a 1995 study by Fazio et al., subjects were presented with a picture of black and white faces. Either a positive or negative adjective followed the face. The task of the subject was to report whether the adjective was positive or negative. From their findings, the authors concluded that:

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

I am going to meet my girlfriend's father for the very first time and I am hugely nervous. I clean and cut my nails. I get a haircut. I try to dress nicely but not too nicely. What am I trying to control with these efforts?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Factors that would increase the effectiveness of a message for persuasion include:

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

You see an individual of mixed race and you try to figure out the race of that individual's parents. Which of the following models used by those adhering to social cognition would be useful in explaining this case?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which of the following is an example of implicit egotism?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The tendency to assume that other people's behavior corresponds to their internal states rather than external situations is referred to as:

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

In a study by Devine (1989) , subjects were primed with certain words, such as watermelon and Harlem. The primed words were related to stereotypes of blacks. When subjects subsequently read a story, subjects exposed to the prime rated the fictional character ____ more than if they were not primed.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Research indicates that we tend to perceive _____ people as possessing greater sociability and social competence than those who are not.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Based on what happened in the Robber Cave study, Sherif concluded that in order to reduce conflict between groups it is necessary:

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Bias or error in social cognition is thought to be due to:

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Although attitude change often involves deliberate efforts at persuasion, another path to attitude change is ____, a perceived discrepancy between an attitude and a behavior or between an attitude and a new piece of information.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The degree to which a person likes and respects the self is called:

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

A pervasive bias in social cognition is the self-serving bias, the tendency of people to see:

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Goals requiring groups to cooperate for the benefit of all are known as

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Deliberate efforts to change an attitude are referred to as:

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Psychologists have identified several components of persuasion, among them the source, message, channel, context, and receiver. Briefly discuss each of these components.

Correct AnswerverifiedIn terms of source, speakers tend to be ...View AnswerShow Answer

Which theory holds that individuals infer their attitudes, emotions, and other internal states by observing their own behavior?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

In a study by Steele involving SAT items, simply having a question about an individual's race in a demographic questionnaire was found to have which of the following effects on minorities?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

My neighbor insists that he is not sexist at all and has a great deal of respect for women. However, he refers to his wife as "the little woman" and rarely follows her suggestions. My neighbor is demonstrating:

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which culture displays greater cognitive complexity?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

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In terms of source, speakers tend to be ...
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