Question 1

If the mRNA codon for alanine is GCA,then the correct anticodon would be ________.

Accepted Answer

A)  GCA
B)  CGT
C)  ACG
D)  CGU
E)  UGCF) D) and E)
G) B) and D)

Question 2

The antiparallel arrangement within DNA molecules refers to ________.

Accepted Answer

A)  each base bonding at the 1' position of the sugar
B)  a purine always bonding to a pyrimidine
C)  one helix strand that runs from the 5' to 3' direction and the other strand runs from the 3' to 5' direction
D)  an original parent DNA strand and one newly synthesized DNA strand comprising a new DNA molecule
E)  None of the choices are correct.F) B) and E)
G) A) and B)

Question 3

Among the microorganisms,various genomes can include ________.

Accepted Answer

A)  chromosomes
B)  plasmids
C)  mitochondrial DNA
D)  chloroplast DNA
E)  All of the choices are correct.F) C) and D)
G) C) and E)

Question 4

A mutation that changes a normal codon to a stop codon is called a ________.

Accepted Answer

A)  point mutation
B)  silent mutation
C)  back mutation
D)  missense mutation
E)  nonsense mutationF) B) and E)
G) A) and B)

Question 5

DNA strands can be clipped crosswise at selected positions by using enzymes called ________.

Accepted Answer

A)  palindromes
B)  reverse transcriptase
C)  restriction endonucleases
D)  ligases
E)  DNA polymerasesF) C) and E)
G) B) and D)

Question 6

A new field of research called nutrigenomics is based on the premise that individuals gain or lose weight according to differences in their individual genomes,making "going on a diet" no longer a one-size-fits-all solution.This is based on what genomic principle?

Accepted Answer

A)  The human genome contains 10 million SNPs.
B)  All human genes code for the same proteins.
C)  Each human genome differs because of frameshift mutations.
D)  Human genes and consumption of nutrients are completely unrelated.E) A) and D)
F) B) and C)

Question 7

The lagging strand of DNA is made in small segments called Okazaki fragments,each one requiring a primer to begin synthesis,whereas the leading strand,synthesized continuously,does not require a primer to initiate the daughter strand.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 8

The deliberate removal of genetic material from one organism and combining it with the genetic material of another organism is a specific technique called ________.

Accepted Answer

A)  polymerase chain reaction
B)  biotechnology
C)  recombinant DNA technology
D)  gel electrophoresis
E)  gene probesF) A) and B)
G) A) and C)

Question 9

Each nucleotide is composed of ________.

Accepted Answer

A)  one phosphate,one nitrogenous base,and one sugar
B)  one phosphate,one nitrogenous base,and two sugars
C)  two phosphates,one nitrogenous base,and one sugar
D)  two phosphates,one nitrogenous base,and two sugars
E)  one phosphate,two nitrogenous bases,and one sugarF) B) and E)
G) B) and C)

Question 10

A technique that separates a readable pattern of DNA fragments is ________.

Accepted Answer

A)  genetic engineering
B)  biotechnology
C)  recombinant DNA
D)  gel electrophoresis
E)  gene probesF) A) and B)
G) All of the above

Question 11

Which of the following is incorrect about termination codons?

Accepted Answer

A)  Where the bond between the final tRNA and the finished polypeptide chain is broken
B)  Include AUG
C)  Include UAA,UAG,and UGA
D)  Do not have corresponding tRNA
E)  Can also be called nonsense codonsF) A) and D)
G) A) and C)

Question 12

Gene regulation can involve a protein repressor that blocks ________ from initiating transcription.

Accepted Answer

A)  DNA polymerase I
B)  DNA polymerase III
C)  RNA polymerase
D)  mRNA
E)  rRNAF) A) and B)
G) A) and C)

Question 13

DNA replication proceeds in one direction around the bacterial chromosome.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 14

Helicase ________.

Accepted Answer

A)  supercoils DNA
B)  unzips DNA
C)  unwinds RNA
D)  winds RNA
E)  None of the choices are correct.F) D) and E)
G) A) and E)

Question 15

Which of the following statements applies to both DNA and RNA?

Accepted Answer

A)  The molecule is synthesized in the 5'-3' direction when a polymerase adds a nucleotide onto the 3' end of the existing polymer.
B)  The molecule is synthesized in the 5'-3' direction when a polymerase adds a nucleotide onto the 3' end of the existing polymer,creating a bond between the phosphate group and the ribose.
C)  The molecule is synthesized in the 5'-3' direction when a polymerase adds A,T C,and G nucleotides onto the 3' end of the existing polymer.
D)  The molecule is synthesized in the 5'-3' direction then,on completion,the single strand folds to form secondary and tertiary level structures.E) C) and D)
F) B) and D)

Question 16

Sequences of DNA that are identical when read from the 5' to 3' direction on one strand and the 3' to 5' direction on the other strand are ________.

Accepted Answer

A)  palindromes
B)  reverse transcriptase
C)  restriction endonucleases
D)  ligases
E)  DNA polymerasesF) A) and D)
G) D) and E)

Question 17

The jumping of a gene from one location to another is done by ________.

Accepted Answer

A)  conjugation
B)  transposons
C)  transformation
D)  transduction
E)  transmissionF) B) and E)
G) A) and B)

Question 18

The ________ is all of the genetic material of a cell.

Accepted Answer

A)  chromosome
B)  plasmid
C)  prophage
D)  genome
E)  proteomeF) B) and C)
G) A) and B)

Question 19

The size of DNA is often given in the number of ________ that it contains.

Accepted Answer

A)  genes
B)  codons
C)  base pairs
D)  proteins
E)  tripletsF) B) and E)
G) C) and E)

Question 20

Which molecule is synthesized as a copy of a gene on the DNA template strand?

Accepted Answer

A)  Ribosomal RNA
B)  Messenger RNA
C)  Transfer RNA
D)  Primer RNA
E)  RibozymesF) A) and E)
G) B) and D)

Exam 8: Microbial Genetics and Genetic Engineering

DNA strands can be clipped crosswise at selected positions by using enzymes called ________.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

A new field of research called nutrigenomics is based on the premise that individuals gain or lose weight according to differences in their individual genomes,making "going on a diet" no longer a one-size-fits-all solution.This is based on what genomic principle?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

A technique that separates a readable pattern of DNA fragments is ________.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Among the microorganisms,various genomes can include ________.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

A mutation that changes a normal codon to a stop codon is called a ________.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The ________ is all of the genetic material of a cell.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Sequences of DNA that are identical when read from the 5' to 3' direction on one strand and the 3' to 5' direction on the other strand are ________.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

DNA replication proceeds in one direction around the bacterial chromosome.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The deliberate removal of genetic material from one organism and combining it with the genetic material of another organism is a specific technique called ________.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Each nucleotide is composed of ________.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which of the following is incorrect about termination codons?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The lagging strand of DNA is made in small segments called Okazaki fragments,each one requiring a primer to begin synthesis,whereas the leading strand,synthesized continuously,does not require a primer to initiate the daughter strand.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The size of DNA is often given in the number of ________ that it contains.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which molecule is synthesized as a copy of a gene on the DNA template strand?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which of the following statements applies to both DNA and RNA?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The jumping of a gene from one location to another is done by ________.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

If the mRNA codon for alanine is GCA,then the correct anticodon would be ________.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The antiparallel arrangement within DNA molecules refers to ________.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Helicase ________.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Gene regulation can involve a protein repressor that blocks ________ from initiating transcription.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

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