A) The rule of the Tetrarchs
B) The Christian idea of imperial rule
C) A policy of Diocletian to enhance the prestige of the emperor
D) The rule of the Persian kings
E) The papacy
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Essay
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Multiple Choice
A) after his childhood baptism.
B) before turning against it as emperor.
C) before he decided to restore paganism.
D) after seeing a vision and winning the Battle of the Milvian Bridge.
E) because he sought greater public support and less rebellion.
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Multiple Choice
A) the "spoiling of the Egyptians" using Classical learning for Christian purposes.
B) a definitive rejection of the Classical idea of humanity as good and capable of self-improvement.
C) the identification of the City of God with the Christianized Roman Empire.
D) that the validity of the sacraments is not dependent on the worthiness of the priest.
E) the theory that the fall of Rome was the result of the abandonment of the teachings of Christ.
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Multiple Choice
A) His position in the Church
B) His relation to the pope
C) His authority to teach
D) His possession of political power
E) His priesthood
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Multiple Choice
A) some of the Visigoths settled within the empire.
B) the Visigoths served in the Roman army.
C) all the Visigoths were allowed to settle within the empire.
D) there was nothing but hostility on both sides.
E) the Romans made treaties with the Huns to control the Visigoth migrations.
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Multiple Choice
A) Pachomius
B) Benedict
C) Anthony of Egypt
D) Jerome
E) Gregory the Great
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Multiple Choice
A) the increasing authority of women.
B) adoption of the administrative geography of the Roman state.
C) espousal of apostolic succession.
D) the increased power of the papacy and the theory of "Petrine Primacy."
E) the earliest Christian communities were urban.
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Multiple Choice
A) Vandals
B) Goths
C) Persians
D) Anglo-Saxons
E) Irish
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Multiple Choice
A) He was against the solitary religious life of monasticism.
B) He designed a commune based on the strict regiment of a military camp.
C) The cenobitic monasticism was based on private prayer, group worship, and work.
D) Pachomius created a community that prohibited females.
E) The Pachomian type of community attracted very few converts.
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Multiple Choice
A) Ambrose
B) Augustine
C) Damasus
D) John Chrysostom
E) Jerome
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True/False
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Multiple Choice
A) The glories of the classical civilization gave way to the gloom of the Dark Ages.
B) The era following the fall of the Roman Empire showed no similarity to the past.
C) Barbaric cultures completely replaced that of the Romans.
D) The period following the decline of the empire was a time of vigor and achievement.
E) Years of catastrophe followed the decline of Rome.
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Multiple Choice
A) the Visigoths became an ally of the Romans but remained outside of the empire.
B) the Roman Empire was served loyally by the Visigoths.
C) Southern Gaul fell under the control of the Visigoths.
D) the Hun attack on Rome was partially repelled by Visigoths.
E) Gallo-Roman aristocrats respected the treaty and the loyalty of the Visigoths.
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Multiple Choice
A) Imperial recognition
B) The place of Rome as imperial capital
C) The scriptural career of Peter the Apostle
D) Election
E) Military authority
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Multiple Choice
A) The Corpus iuris civilis
B) Hagia Sophia
C) The reconquest of much of the west
D) Tentative treaties with barbarian powers
E) Peaceful relations with the Catholic Church during his reign
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Multiple Choice
A) a huge expansion of the imperial bureaucracy.
B) a division of the empire into two administrative halves.
C) an increase in the size of the military by at least 50 percent.
D) a revival of the practices of the Principate.
E) creation of a more military, political, and administrative tetrarchy.
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Multiple Choice
A) Rome's best emperors were interested in the Western part of the empire.
B) Immense Roman resources were used keeping Barbarian tribes out of Roman territory.
C) Romans refused to use non Italian soldiers.
D) Romans had learned to tolerate and live with the many barbarian peoples in their areas.
E) Churchmen refused to tolerate Christian barbarians.
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Multiple Choice
A) was the main proponent of papal supremacy in the sixth century.
B) taught that the soul can rise through philosophy to a knowledge of God.
C) taught that the world was sharply divided between the civilized and holy (Rome) and the backward and pagan (Germanic peoples) .
D) was among the last members of the elite to emigrate from Rome to Constantinople.
E) wrote an explanation for the downfall of the empire.
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Multiple Choice
A) the reconquest of the entire western empire.
B) the replacement of Orthodox Christianity with miaphysitism.
C) lasting peace in the Balkans and Mesopotamia.
D) Hagia Sophia and the Justinian Code.
E) sharing power with Theodora.
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