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In a well-functioning competitive market, total surplus:


A) can never be negative.
B) is always zero if the market is efficient.
C) can be negative if the market is not in equilibrium.
D) is greater than the sum of consumer and producer surplus.

E) A) and C)
F) A) and B)

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A market has four individuals, each considering buying a grill. Assume that grills come in only one size and model. Martina considers herself a grill-master, and finds a grill a necessity, so she is willing to pay $400 for a grill. Javier is a meat-lover, honing his grilling skills, and is willing to pay $350 for a grill. Kamal wants to impress his friends with his vegetable grilling skills and is willing to pay $320 for a grill. Lina loves grilled shrimp and thinks it might be cheaper in the long run if she grills her own shrimp instead of eating out at a restaurant, so she is willing to pay $200 for a grill.If the market price of grills increases from $300 to $325,:


A) Kamal would drop out of the market.
B) Kamal's surplus would decrease the most.
C) Kamal is the only consumer who would be affected in terms of surplus.
D) Lina's surplus would decrease.

E) None of the above
F) All of the above

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Each seller's opportunity costs are:


A) determined monetarily, which is why they can never be zero.
B) determined by a number of factors, none of which is monetary.
C) determined by a number of factors, including monetary considerations.
D) less than the monetary costs of manufacturing the good or service.

E) A) and D)
F) B) and C)

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What is the producer surplus earned by a seller whose willingness to sell is $10 below the market price of a good?


A) $0
B) $10
C) (P* − $10)
D) None of these are correct.

E) A) and D)
F) A) and C)

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  Assume the market depicted in the graph is in equilibrium. Producer surplus is the area: A) under the demand curve and above the market price. B) under the supply curve and above the market price. C) above the supply curve and below the market price. D) above the demand curve and below the market price. Assume the market depicted in the graph is in equilibrium. Producer surplus is the area:


A) under the demand curve and above the market price.
B) under the supply curve and above the market price.
C) above the supply curve and below the market price.
D) above the demand curve and below the market price.

E) B) and C)
F) A) and C)

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