Question 1

At which level of measurement is a question that asks the number of alcoholic drinks a respondent had within the past 30 days?

Accepted Answer

A)   nominal
B)   ordinal
C)   interval
D)   ratioE) B) and C)
F) A) and D) D

Question 2

When using a closed-ended question where students are asked to indicate their answer by checking none, once, twice, 3 to 5 times, 6 to 9 times, or 10 or more times, which of these is true?

Accepted Answer

A)   It is possible to mathematically distinguish the number of times a student binged.
B)   These answer choices classify as a ratio level of measurement.
C)   The distance between any two cases cannot be clearly determined.
D)   The level of measurement is inherent in the variable itselfE) C) and D)
F) A) and B)

Question 3

A measure with numbers indicating the values of variables as points on a continuum is a continuous measure.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 4

An approach that calculates reliability based on the correlation among multiple items used to measure a single concept is ______.

Accepted Answer

A)   test-retest reliability
B)   inter-item reliability
C)   Cronbach's alpha
D)   alternate-forms reliabilityE) A) and D)
F) A) and B)

Question 5

What is Triangulation? How might it assist in achieving better validity?

Accepted Answer

Triangulation is the use of two or more ...

Question 6

When a measurement has reliability, it means that it yields ______.

Accepted Answer

A)   measures affected by chance variation
B)   consistent scores as long as the phenomenon is unchanging
C)   valid scores as long as they are not changing
D)   consistent measures as long as they are observed differently by observersE) A) and B)
F) B) and C)

Question 7

Why might a researcher be concerned with inter-item reliability (or internal consistency)? Why would the researcher choose to use a multi-item index to measure a concept rather than a single question? As a part of your answer, discuss Cronbach's alpha.

Accepted Answer

When researchers use multiple items to measure a single concept, they are concerned with interitem reliability (or internal consistency). For example, if we are to have confidence that a set of questions reliably measures an attitude, say, attitudes toward violence, then the answers to the questions should be highly associated with one another. The stronger the association between the individual items and the more items included, the higher the reliability of the index. Cronbach's alpha is a reliability measure commonly used to measure inter-item reliability. Of course, inter-item reliability cannot be computed if only one question is used to measure a concept. For this reason, it is much better to use a multi-item index to measure an important concept (Viswanathan, 2005).

Question 8

For open-ended questions, response choices should be mutually exclusive and exhaustive.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 9

Questioning can be a particularly poor approach for measuring behaviors that are socially stigmatized.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 10

Good conceptualization and operationalization can prevent confusion later in the research process.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 11

The nominal level of measurement is also called the categorical level.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 12

The numbers indicating the values of variables at the interval level of measurement represent ______.

Accepted Answer

A)   flexible measurement units
B)   a composite measurement based on scales
C)   fixed measurement units
D)   an absolute zero pointE) A) and B)
F) B) and C)

Question 13

When researchers measure a phenomenon that does not change between two points separated by an interval of time, the degree to which the two measurements yield comparable values is the ______ reliability.

Accepted Answer

A)   split halves
B)   construct
C)   alternate-forms
D)   test-retestE) B) and C)
F) All of the above

Question 14

At the nominal level of measurement, the values of variables ______.

Accepted Answer

A)   are mutually exclusive
B)   can be classified as having only one attribute
C)   have progressively more precise measurements
D)   have no mathematical interpretationE) A) and B)
F) C) and D)

Question 15

What are open-ended questions? When are they preferable to be used in questionnaires? Give an example of an open-ended question that asks about alcohol use on your campus compared with another campus.

Accepted Answer

Open-ended questions are questions witho...

Question 16

The US Census Bureau collects official information about crimes, known as the ______.

Accepted Answer

A)   Poverty and Crime Index (PCI) 
B)   Systematic Social Observation (SSO) 
C)   Uniform Crime Reports (UCR) 
D)   National Minority SA/HIV Prevention Initiative (NMSHPI) E) C) and D)
F) B) and C)

Question 17

For most statistical analyses in social science research, the ordinal and interval level of measurement can be treated as equivalent.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False  False

Question 18

The measurement of a variable in which the numbers permit greater than and less than distinctions is at the ______ level.

Accepted Answer

A)   nominal
B)   ordinal
C)   interval
D)   ratioE) None of the above
F) C) and D)

Question 19

How is conceptualization different from operationalization?

Accepted Answer

Conceptualization is the process of spec...

Question 20

The ordinal level of measurement is a qualitative level

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Exam 4: Conceptualization and Measurement

At which level of measurement is a question that asks the number of alcoholic drinks a respondent had within the past 30 days?

Correct Answer
verified
D

When using a closed-ended question where students are asked to indicate their answer by checking none, once, twice, 3 to 5 times, 6 to 9 times, or 10 or more times, which of these is true?

Correct Answer
verified

A measure with numbers indicating the values of variables as points on a continuum is a continuous measure.

Correct Answer
verified

An approach that calculates reliability based on the correlation among multiple items used to measure a single concept is ______.

Correct Answer
verified

What is Triangulation? How might it assist in achieving better validity?

Correct Answer
verified
Triangulation is the use of two or more ...
View Answer

When a measurement has reliability, it means that it yields ______.

Correct Answer
verified

Why might a researcher be concerned with inter-item reliability (or internal consistency)? Why would the researcher choose to use a multi-item index to measure a concept rather than a single question? As a part of your answer, discuss Cronbach's alpha.

For open-ended questions, response choices should be mutually exclusive and exhaustive.

Correct Answer
verified

Questioning can be a particularly poor approach for measuring behaviors that are socially stigmatized.

Correct Answer
verified

Good conceptualization and operationalization can prevent confusion later in the research process.

Correct Answer
verified

The nominal level of measurement is also called the categorical level.

Correct Answer
verified

The numbers indicating the values of variables at the interval level of measurement represent ______.

Correct Answer
verified

When researchers measure a phenomenon that does not change between two points separated by an interval of time, the degree to which the two measurements yield comparable values is the ______ reliability.

Correct Answer
verified

At the nominal level of measurement, the values of variables ______.

Correct Answer
verified

What are open-ended questions? When are they preferable to be used in questionnaires? Give an example of an open-ended question that asks about alcohol use on your campus compared with another campus.

Correct Answer
verified
Open-ended questions are questions witho...
View Answer

The US Census Bureau collects official information about crimes, known as the ______.

Correct Answer
verified

For most statistical analyses in social science research, the ordinal and interval level of measurement can be treated as equivalent.

Correct Answer
verified
False

The measurement of a variable in which the numbers permit greater than and less than distinctions is at the ______ level.

Correct Answer
verified

How is conceptualization different from operationalization?

Correct Answer
verified
Conceptualization is the process of spec...
View Answer

The ordinal level of measurement is a qualitative level

Correct Answer
verified

Exam 4: Conceptualization and Measurement

At which level of measurement is a question that asks the number of alcoholic drinks a respondent had within the past 30 days?

Correct AnswerverifiedD

When using a closed-ended question where students are asked to indicate their answer by checking none, once, twice, 3 to 5 times, 6 to 9 times, or 10 or more times, which of these is true?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

A measure with numbers indicating the values of variables as points on a continuum is a continuous measure.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

An approach that calculates reliability based on the correlation among multiple items used to measure a single concept is ______.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

What is Triangulation? How might it assist in achieving better validity?

Correct AnswerverifiedTriangulation is the use of two or more ...View AnswerShow Answer

When a measurement has reliability, it means that it yields ______.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Why might a researcher be concerned with inter-item reliability (or internal consistency)? Why would the researcher choose to use a multi-item index to measure a concept rather than a single question? As a part of your answer, discuss Cronbach's alpha.

For open-ended questions, response choices should be mutually exclusive and exhaustive.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Questioning can be a particularly poor approach for measuring behaviors that are socially stigmatized.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Good conceptualization and operationalization can prevent confusion later in the research process.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The nominal level of measurement is also called the categorical level.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The numbers indicating the values of variables at the interval level of measurement represent ______.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

When researchers measure a phenomenon that does not change between two points separated by an interval of time, the degree to which the two measurements yield comparable values is the ______ reliability.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

At the nominal level of measurement, the values of variables ______.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

What are open-ended questions? When are they preferable to be used in questionnaires? Give an example of an open-ended question that asks about alcohol use on your campus compared with another campus.

Correct AnswerverifiedOpen-ended questions are questions witho...View AnswerShow Answer

The US Census Bureau collects official information about crimes, known as the ______.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

For most statistical analyses in social science research, the ordinal and interval level of measurement can be treated as equivalent.

Correct AnswerverifiedFalse

The measurement of a variable in which the numbers permit greater than and less than distinctions is at the ______ level.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

How is conceptualization different from operationalization?

Correct AnswerverifiedConceptualization is the process of spec...View AnswerShow Answer

The ordinal level of measurement is a qualitative level

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Correct Answer
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D

Correct Answer
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Correct Answer
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Correct Answer
verified
Triangulation is the use of two or more ...
View Answer

Correct Answer
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Correct Answer
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Correct Answer
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Correct Answer
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Correct Answer
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Correct Answer
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Correct Answer
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Correct Answer
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Correct Answer
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Open-ended questions are questions witho...
View Answer

Correct Answer
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Correct Answer
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False

Correct Answer
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Correct Answer
verified
Conceptualization is the process of spec...
View Answer

Correct Answer
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