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(Consider This) The Consider This box "Of Catfish and Art (and Other Things in Common) " lists examples of recent antitrust cases involving


A) monopolization.
B) tying contracts.
C) price-fixing.
D) horizontal mergers.Topic: Antitrust Policy: Issues and Impacts

E) B) and C)
F) B) and D)

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Interlocking directorates refers to a situation where


A) a director of one firm is also a board member of a competing firm.
B) members of the board of directors of a firm could not agree on a clear strategy for the firm.
C) competing firms have separate and different members in their boards.
D) a company's board splits into two rival camps locked in constant struggle.

E) A) and B)
F) B) and D)

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Critics of the regulation of natural monopolies contend that


A) regulation increases the incentive of firms to lower costs.
B) regulated firms may use creative accounting to reduce costs, prices, and profits.
C) when rates of return are based on the value of real capital, an uneconomic substitution of labor for capital may occur.
D) the industry may "capture" or control the regulatory commission.

E) B) and C)
F) C) and D)

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The view that the mere possession of monopoly power is a violation of the antitrust laws, as in the Alcoa case of 1945, suggests that the application of antitrust laws should be based on industry


A) behavior.
B) size.
C) efficiency.
D) structure.

E) None of the above
F) B) and D)

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Over the years since the early 1900s, the U.S.government's and courts' aggressiveness in interpreting and enforcing antitrust laws have


A) been generally increasing.
B) mostly been quite lax.
C) fluctuated between tough and lax.
D) been declining.

E) None of the above
F) All of the above

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Price-fixing is considered to be a per se violation of the antitrust laws because


A) a guilty verdict requires proof of injury to consumers.
B) a guilty verdict requires proof of injury to other competitors.
C) the rule of reason is applicable.
D) a guilty verdict need only show that there was a conspiracy to fix prices, not that it succeeded.

E) A) and B)
F) All of the above

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