Question 1

The diffusion of urea out of the distal convoluted tubule is an important part of maintaining the concentration gradient of the renal medulla.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 2

Macula densa cells signal granular cells to release renin through paracrine stimulation.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 3

Which is not correct regarding the innervation of the kidney?

Accepted Answer

A)   Parasympathetic innervation is from the vagus nerve.
B)   The kidney is served by the renal plexus.
C)   Sympathetic innervation is from segments T10-T12 of the spinal cord.
D)   Sympathetic stimulation causes vasoconstriction of the renal blood vessels.
E)   Parasympathetic stimulation decreases the rate of filtrate formation.F) A) and E)
G) B) and D)

Question 4

Gross & microscopic anatomy of the urinary tract, including detailed histology of the nephron. 
-This figure shows a frontal section of the kidney. Which number(s)  indicate a renal papilla?

Accepted Answer

A)   2, 7
B)   3
C)   6
D)   9
E)   10F) B) and D)
G) B) and E)

Question 5

The reabsorption of both sodium and potassium is carefully regulated.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 6

Which of the following is a nitrogenous waste product produced from nucleic acid breakdown in the liver?

Accepted Answer

A)   Urea
B)   Deoxyribose
C)   Uric acid
D)   CreatinineE) A) and B)
F) A) and C)

Question 7

Select all that have regulated reabsorption.

Accepted Answer

A)   Glucose
B)   Sodium
C)   Water
D)   CalciumE) B) and D)
F) B) and C)

Question 8

Collecting ducts are larger than collecting tubules.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 9

Both aspirin and morphine are eliminated in the urine.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 10

Stimulation of granular cells by the sympathetic nervous system causes them to

Accepted Answer

A)   contract.
B)   relax.
C)   release calcitriol.
D)   increase endocytosis.E) All of the above
F) B) and C)

Question 11

The renal threshold of a substance refers to

Accepted Answer

A)   the number of protein transporters for the substance per tubule.
B)   the plasma concentration of the substance below which it does not appear in the urine.
C)   the concentration of the substance found in the kidney before the substance becomes toxic.
D)   the concentration of the substance in the urine that results in an overall increase in urine volume.E) A) and B)
F) C) and D)

Question 12

The specific gravity of urine is its density compared to that of water, and the more solutes urine has, the higher its specific gravity.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 13

The glomerulus is part of the renal tubule.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 14

The kidneys are located ________ the peritoneum.

Accepted Answer

A)   within
B)   anterior to
C)   posterior toD) A) and C)
E) A) and B)

Question 15

As it is leaving the kidney, blood passes directly from the arcuate vein to the

Accepted Answer

A)   renal vein.
B)   vasa recta.
C)   segmental vein.
D)   interlobar vein.
E)   interlobular vein.F) A) and B)
G) C) and D)

Question 16

During prolonged fasting, the kidneys produce glucose from noncarbohydrate sources.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 17

Generally, the higher the renal plasma clearance of a given drug, the more frequently the drug must be given in order to be effective.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 18

Type A and Type B cells of kidney tubules are types of principal cells.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 19

The juxtaglomerular apparatus is located

Accepted Answer

A)   within the renal sinus.
B)   in the renal papilla.
C)   in the perinephric fat.
D)   inside the tubular pole of the glomerulus.
E)   near the vascular pole of the renal corpuscle.F) A) and B)
G) None of the above

Question 20

Careful measurements of GFR are made by injection of ________, but approximations of GFR can be made more simply by measuring renal plasma clearance of ________.

Accepted Answer

A)   creatine phosphate; insulin
B)   insulin; creatine phosphate
C)   inulin; creatinine
D)   creatinine; inulinE) A) and D)
F) A) and B)

Exam 24: Urinary System

Careful measurements of GFR are made by injection of ________, but approximations of GFR can be made more simply by measuring renal plasma clearance of ________.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Type A and Type B cells of kidney tubules are types of principal cells.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which of the following is a nitrogenous waste product produced from nucleic acid breakdown in the liver?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The kidneys are located ________ the peritoneum.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The diffusion of urea out of the distal convoluted tubule is an important part of maintaining the concentration gradient of the renal medulla.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The juxtaglomerular apparatus is located

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Collecting ducts are larger than collecting tubules.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

During prolonged fasting, the kidneys produce glucose from noncarbohydrate sources.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Generally, the higher the renal plasma clearance of a given drug, the more frequently the drug must be given in order to be effective.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Macula densa cells signal granular cells to release renin through paracrine stimulation.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Stimulation of granular cells by the sympathetic nervous system causes them to

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

As it is leaving the kidney, blood passes directly from the arcuate vein to the

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which is not correct regarding the innervation of the kidney?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Select all that have regulated reabsorption.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The specific gravity of urine is its density compared to that of water, and the more solutes urine has, the higher its specific gravity.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Both aspirin and morphine are eliminated in the urine.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The renal threshold of a substance refers to

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Gross & microscopic anatomy of the urinary tract, including detailed histology of the nephron. -This figure shows a frontal section of the kidney. Which number(s) indicate a renal papilla?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The reabsorption of both sodium and potassium is carefully regulated.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The glomerulus is part of the renal tubule.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Careful measurements of GFR are made by injection of , but approximations of GFR can be made more simply by measuring renal plasma clearance of .

Correct Answer
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